Hoan Kiem turtle: A rare species of animal in the world

23/02/2024

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The Hoan Kiem Turtle is a rare and culturally significant species found in Vietnam’s Hoan Kiem Lake. It is deeply rooted in Vietnamese mythology and history, symbolizing wisdom and longevity.

1. A glance at the global existence of the Hoan Kiem turtle
2. Facts about the Hoan Kiem turtle in Hoan Kiem Lake Hanoi
3. The embalmed body of the Hoan Kiem turtle in Hanoi

Discover the Vietnamese turtle myth about the Hoan Kiem Lake turtle in this article (Source: Collected)

The Hoan Kiem turtle, a symbol of longevity and wisdom, is a must-see for anyone interested in Vietnam travel. This rare species embodies the rich history and myths of Hanoi‘s legendary Hoan Kiem Lake. Its presence adds a unique charm to Hanoi, making it a captivating highlight for travelers exploring Vietnam’s cultural heritage.

1. A glance at the global existence of the Hoan Kiem turtle

When mentioning Vietnam, among numerous animal species, there is one creature deeply intertwined with a mythical historical tale about the capital city Hanoi, currently listed as a rare species—the Hoan Kiem turtle. This turtle once inhabited a vast area stretching from the south of the Yangtze River in China to central Vietnam. However, human hunting and habitat changes have led to a rapid decline in their population.

In Vietnam, there is only one living Hoan Kiem turtle (Source: Collected)

In 2012, scientists included this species in the list of the 100 rarest animal species globally, highlighting its uniqueness as a turtle species found only in Asia. After the deaths of the giant turtle in Hanoi’s Hoan Kiem Lake in 2016 and the female Hoan Kiem turtle in Suzhou Zoo, China, in 2019, the world officially recognized only three individuals, including one male turtle at Suzhou Zoo and two in Vietnam—one in Xuan Khanh Lake and one in Dong Mo Lake. Unfortunately, the Dong Mo Lake turtle was found dead in 2023, leaving Vietnam with only one turtle in Xuan Khanh Lake.

2. Facts about the Hoan Kiem turtle in Hoan Kiem Lake Hanoi

The Hoan Kiem turtle is not just an animal; it is also a cultural icon and a witness to history, intricately tied to the landmark Hoan Kiem Lake in Hanoi. Let’s explore fascinating information about the Hoan Kiem Lake turtle!

2.1. Legend associated with the Hoan Kiem Lake turtle

In Eastern beliefs and Vietnamese folklore, Vietnamese turtles hold spiritual value, symbolizing happiness and sustainability. The image of a turtle as a deity appears in many Vietnamese legends, such as the myth of the construction of the Co Loa Ancient Wall during the reign of King An Duong Vuong. Particularly noteworthy is the legend of King Le Loi returning the magic sword to the golden turtle after defeating the Ming invaders on Luc Thuy Lake (the previous name of Hoan Kiem Lake).

The Vietnam turtle, a symbol of happiness and sustainability, is present in numerous local legends (Source: Collected)

According to the Hoan Kiem turtle legend, during the 15th century, when the Ming invaders attacked Dai Viet (Vietnam), King Le Loi achieved victory with the sword “Thuan Thien” bestowed by the heavens, securing the nation’s independence. While boating on Luc Thuy Lake later, King Le Loi saw a golden turtle emerging from the water. When he pulled out the sword, it flew towards the golden turtle. The turtle took the sword in its mouth and dove into the lake, and from then on, the lake was named Hoan Kiem (commonly known as Hoan Kiem or Sword Lake).

2.2. Features of the deceased Hoan Kiem Lake turtle

The Hoan Kiem Turtle, living in Hoan Kiem Lake and associated with historical legends, possesses unique characteristics. These features include a soft shell resembling a protective outer skin, entirely lacking the hard shell found in other turtles worldwide. The Hoan Kiem turtle’s size ranges from 1,700 to 2,000 millimeters, with a body weight fluctuating between 120 and 220 kilograms. The head is larger, and the snout protrudes more compared to other turtle species globally, with a long neck and a short, wide nose. The skull of this turtle is broad, and the upper and lower jawbones are blunt, not pointed like other turtle species. The front and back legs have three claws each.

Hoan Kiem turtle has unique characteristics compared to other turtle species (Source: Collected)

2.3. Significance of the Hoan Kiem Lake turtle in Hanoians’ life

The Hoan Kiem Turtle, as a heritage, relic, and treasure of the nation, is the soul of Hoan Kiem Lake. Every time the turtle surfaces, people recall the heroic historical legends of resisting foreign invaders.

The people of Hanoi always remember the occasions when the turtle emerged, coinciding with significant events in the country and the city, such as the International Conference on Conservation and Restoration of Hanoi in 1993, the inauguration of the King Le Memorial Area in 2000, the 60th Anniversary of Vietnamese Independence Day in 2005, the 65th Anniversary of the Liberation of Hanoi in 2009, and in 2013, the turtle emerged on the day of the farewell to General Vo Nguyen Giap.

The most special occasion is undoubtedly the 1,000th-anniversary celebration of Thang Long-Hanoi in 2010. Thousands of people witnessed the turtle crawl onto the base of the Turtle Tower. In the festive and sacred atmosphere of the ceremony, the turtle is seen as a symbol of good luck, embodying the beautiful legend of Hoan Kiem.

The mythic turtle crawled onto the base of the Turtle Tower Hoan Kiem Lake in 2010 (Source: Collected)

3. The embalmed body of the Hoan Kiem turtle in Hanoi

After the death of the last species in Hoan Kiem Lake, the embalmed body of the turtle has been crafted and displayed at Ngoc Son Temple for visitors to explore. The specimen, over 2 meters long and 1.1 meters wide, preserves the essence of the Hoan Kiem Turtle’s appearance when alive. Observing it, visitors feel like they are witnessing a living creature with accurate form, colors, and preserved parts (bones, eyes, soft shell, and legs), as well as the scars on the turtle’s shell. This location attracts residents and tourists alike to learn about this rare turtle species and its connection to the mythology and history of the capital city.

A must-do experience in Hanoi is visiting the embalmed body of the Hoan Kiem Lake turtle (Source: Collected)

>>> Check out: Hanoi itinerary: Top attractions, fun activities and delicious food

The Hoan Kiem Turtle remains an enduring symbol of Vietnam’s rich cultural tapestry. Representing wisdom, longevity, and the nation’s historical resilience, this rare species continues to captivate the hearts of both locals and visitors. Its legacy, intertwined with Hanoi and Vietnam’s folklore and natural heritage, ensures that it will be cherished for generations to come.

Apart from Hoan Kiem Lake, other prominent attractions in Hanoi for visitors to explore include Hoa Lo Prison, Hanoi Old Quarter, Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, Temple of Literature, St. Joseph’s Cathedral, and Hanoi Opera House. Especially for those who enjoy vibrant entertainment, the not-to-be-missed modern entertainment complexes in Hanoi are VinWonders Wave Park & Water Park and VinKE & Vinpearl Aquarium. From creative playgrounds for children and an aquarium with over 30,000 creatures to water parks with swimming pools, wave pools, and water slides, these entertainment complexes cater to every age group, ensuring satisfaction for all tourists.

VinWonders Wave Park & Water Park is a must-visit destination in Hanoi for those looking to unwind with fun and thrills

As you depart from Hanoi, don’t forget to visit other prominent tourist destinations in Vietnam, such as Phu Quoc, Nha Trang, and Hoi An, featuring natural landscapes, historical sites, luxurious accommodations by Vinpearl at prime locations, and lively VinWonders’ entertainment hubs. At VinWonders, you can immerse yourself in thrilling activities, explore heritage values, and participate in day and night festivals.